Regenerative Agriculture and Role of Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITKs) in Climate Resilience: Evidence from Karnataka, India

Abstract : Climate change has intensified challenges in agriculture, particularly in semi-arid and tropical regions such as Karnataka, India. Regenerative agriculture has emerged as a transformative approach focusing on restoring soil health, biodiversity, and ecological balance. Indigenous Technical Knowledge (ITKs), rooted in traditional farming wisdom, offers sustainable and low-cost solutions that align closely with regenerative principles. The present study examines the role of ITKs in enhancing climate resilience among farmers across five agro-climatic zones of Karnataka. A total of 100 farmers were surveyed using structured interview schedules. Five key ITKs neem-based seed treatment, Panchagavya application, mixed cropping, traditional water harvesting, and ash-based storage were identified and analysed. The findings indicate that ITK adoption significantly contributes to improved soil fertility (mean score 4.3), pest resistance (4.4), and cost reduction (4.6). A strong positive correlation (r = 0.72) was observed between ITK adoption and climate resilience. The study concludes that integrating ITKs with regenerative agriculture enhances sustainability, reduces climate vulnerability, and promotes farmer adaptability.